Saturday, December 17, 2011

少林七十二绝技



少林七十二绝技是讲在1934年,有个叫金警钟的先生到少林寺访问,与当时的少林寺方丈、远近闻名的武术高手妙兴大和尚切磋武艺,取其精华,并根据少林寺旧有三十六硬功、三十六柔功之说,以及自己的武功底子,编著了《少林七十二艺》一书,从此有了“少林七十二艺”之说。七十二绝技练功之要旨,固在乎强健体魄,坚筋肉,却内邪,御凌侮,然而非空言所能致效者,必须认真从事练习,不荒不怠,而后能成。



拳法
01少林罗汉拳:罗汉拳和金刚掌同为少林入门功夫,但修习到高深境界,最普通的拳掌亦能成为最厉害的武功。
02光明拳:当年五大门派集会黄山,夺得"天下第一拳"美誉。已失传。
03闯少林三十三路神拳:罗汉堂专研。
04偏花七星拳:绝招是"七星聚会"。罗汉堂专研。
05左右穿花手:罗汉堂专研。
06少林双圈手:罗汉堂专研。
07大摔碑手:罗汉堂专研。
08波罗密手:又称少林风云手,罗汉堂专研。

掌法
09大力金刚手:金刚掌是少林寺基本武功之一。般若堂专研。
10般若禅掌:有"少林第一掌"之称,般若堂专研。
11韦陀掌:有"灵山礼佛""恒河入海"等招数。般若堂专研。
12少林神掌八打:有分解掌、封闭掌、裂心掌等八种。般若堂专研。
13千手如来掌:般若堂专研。
14大慈大悲千叶手:般若堂专研。
15少林龙旋掌:般若堂专研。
16少林散花掌:掌风推动落下的花瓣攻向敌人。类似于"飞花摘叶"的功夫。
17少林握石掌:即少林绵掌,轻轻握石而化石为粉。
18一拍两散掌:般若堂专研。

指法
19澄静指:以静制动,后发制人。达摩院专研。
20摩诃指诀:绝招是"三入地狱"。达摩院专研。
21去烦恼指:绝招是"无忧无虑",达摩院专研。
22多罗叶指:十指轮弹,如波罗花绽开。达摩院专研。
23无相劫指:佛家无色无相的最高境界。达摩院专研。
24拈花指:迦叶尊者拈花微笑状。达摩院专研。
25大智无定指:源自《大智度经》,达摩院专研。
26一指禅功:被称为"少林第一指",能隔空伤人。需有深厚的铁指禅劲功夫为基础。
27铁指禅劲:一指禅的基础内功,练到登峰造极时五指可随意插入石碑之中。

抓法
28少林十三抓:摹仿"龙蛇虎豹鹤猿鹰"等十三种动物的形态创出的一套轻灵翔动的抓法
29寂灭抓:般若堂专研。
30因陀罗抓:般若堂专研。
31少林虎爪手:般若堂专研。

擒拿
32拈花擒拿手:戒律院专研。
33龙爪擒拿手:共三十六式。戒律院专研。
34十二擒龙手:戒律院专研。

剑法
35达摩剑法:著名剑招有"一苇渡江"等。达摩院专研。

刀法
36菩提刀法:菩提院专研。
37破戒刀法:名为破戒,即是大开杀戒,因此这套刀法全是攻势,狠准威猛。
38慈悲刀法:名为慈悲,即慈悲为怀,这套刀法招式柔和,没有杀招,与破戒刀相反。
39燃木刀法:菩提院专研。

杖法
40伏魔铲法:般若堂专研。
41、普门杖法:戒律院用来惩戒触犯寺规的弟子的一种杖法,招式巧妙,临敌时总能招招命中对方。但威力一般。
42大文殊杖法:菩提院专研。
43达摩八法神禅杖法:掌门人专研。

棍法
44小夜叉棍法:绝招是"维护众生界",源自《维摩经》。罗汉堂专研。
45少林双截棍:罗汉堂专研。
46醉八仙棍法:少林十三棍僧发明的棍法,必须似醉似醒,半醉半醒,才有最大威力。

身法
47蜻蜓点水轻功提纵术:少林僧提着水桶过河时使用的轻功。
48九图六坐像身法:少林弟子有五十四种打坐姿势,每种都可静坐十二个时辰。
49大挪移身法:脚不移身不动,就可平地挪后数尺,避开敌人的攻击。

内功
50阿罗汉神功:练到高深境界有五百罗汉众生相。罗汉堂专研。
51降龙伏象功:练到高深境界可施展"佛门狮子吼"。般若堂专研。
52心意气混元功:又称"少阳神功",达摩院专研。
53菩提心法:练到高深时心如明镜,诸邪不侵。有化毒的功效。菩提院专研。
54达摩闭息功:戒律院专研。
55金刚不坏体神功:各院堂首座专研。

特殊武功
56十八手罗汉神打:从九图六坐身法中演化出的一套武功,若与九图六坐身法配合使用,招式奇异。
57少林怀心腿:绝招是"佛在心头",达摩院专研。
58如影随形腿:达摩院专研。
59罗汉夺命枪法:罗汉堂专研。
60大韦陀杵:般若堂专研。类似于一种锤法。
61毗卢鞭法:戒律院专研。
62少林鸳鸯枕:特殊的暗器功夫。菩提院专研。
63少林童子功:少林各项高深武功的基础,亦有对敌招式。
64少林铁帚功:看门弟子扫地时练的武功。曾有扫地的沉叶和尚成为当时寺中第一高手。
65如意缩骨功:逃脱捆绑,遇难化险。
66少林破衲功:又称少林铁袖功,即挥动衣袖迎敌。
67袈裟伏魔功:少林高僧任何物品都可作兵器。必要时挥动布满真气的袈裟为武器,另有超乎寻常的威力。
68定珠降魔无上神功:以一百零八颗念珠携带无上真气飞出攻敌,有毁灭性的杀伤力。
69杂阿含功:若能精研杂阿含功,对各种武功往往能触类旁通,事半功倍。曾有少林前辈同时兼修十三种绝艺。已失传。

阵法
70少林金刚伏魔圈:达摩院长老专研。
71一百零八大罗汉阵:罗汉堂专研。已失传。 
72十八小罗汉阵:罗汉堂专研。



Thursday, December 1, 2011

Squash Balls

Squash balls are between 29.5 and 40.5 mm in diameter, with a mass of 23 – 25 g.  They are made with 2 pieces of rubber compound, glued together to form a hollow sphere. 

Different balls are provided for varying temperature and atmospheric conditions, and standards of player.  Small coloured dots on the ball indicate its dynamic level ( bouciness ).  “Double-yellow-dot” balls are for competition standard.  For areas of high altitude such as Mexico City, Calgary, Denver and Johannesburg, “orange-dot” ball are used.


Squash balls heat up upon hitting.  As a result, the air inside the ball pressurized, and the rubber compound becomes more resilient, thus bounce higher.   This is why balls are warm up prior to competition.


Colour
Speed
Bounce
Orange
Super Slow
Super Low
Double Yellow
Slow
Very Low
Yellow
Slow
Low
Green / White
Medium
Average
Red
Medium
High
Blue
Fast
Very High

  

Monday, October 31, 2011

Glossary : Latin Phrases

Criminology / Legal
Affidavit (L) = “he asserted”, is a written sworn statement of fact voluntarily made by a affiant or deponent under an oath.

Alias (L) = “at another time”, “otherwise”, an assumed name or pseudonym.

Alibi (L) = “elsewhere”, a legal defense where a defendant attempts to show that he was elsewhere at the time a crime was committed.

Alter ego (L) = “the other I”, is a second self, a second personality within a person, who is often oblivious to the persona’s actions.

Bona fide (L) = “in good faith”, denotes sincere, honest intention or belief, regardless of the outcome of an action

De facto (L) = “by [the] fact”,  means “in practice but not necessary ordained by law”.

Ex gratia (L) = “from grace”, refers to someone voluntarily performing an act purely out of kindness.  An ex gratia payment is one made without recognizing any liability or legal obligation.

Ex officio (L) = “from the office”, “by right of office”, often used when someone holds one position by virtue of holding another.

Ex parte (L) = “from [by or for] one party”, means a legal proceeding brought by one person in absence of and without representation or notification of other parties.

Habeas corpus (L) = “may you have [your] body” , is a writ, or legal action, through which a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention.

In absentia (L) = “in the absence”, means a trial at which the defendant is not physically present.

In utero (L) = “in the uterus”, refers to an embryo or fetus, or unborn child.

Modus operandi  (L), ( plural modi operandi ) = “mode of operation”, usually refers to criminal’s manner of working.  Often shortened to M.O.

Per se (L) = “ in itself”, without referring to anything else.

Pro bono publico (L) = “for the public good”, professional work undertaken voluntarily and without payment or at reduced fee as a public service.  Usually shortened to pro bono.

Quorum (L) = “of whom”, the number of members whose presence is required under the rules to make any given meeting constitutional.

Status quo (L) = “the state in which”, meaning the current or existing state of affairs.

Sub poena (L) = “under penalty”, is a write by government agency, or court, that has authority to compel testimony by a witness or production of evidence under a penalty for failure.

Veto (L) = “I forbid”, the right to unilaterally stop a certain piece of legistlation.




Academic
Alma mater (L) = “nourishing mother”, is often any school, college, or university at which one has studied and, usually from which one has graduated.

Alumnus (L), ( plural alumni ) = “male pupil”, refer to former student, member, employee, contributor, inmate.
Alumna (L), ( plural alumnae ) = “female pupil”

Emeritus (L) = “male veteran”, usually used to designate a retired professor, bishop or other professional or as a title.
Emerita (L) = “female veteran”

Et alii (L) = “and others”, used to stand for a list of names.  Often shortened to et. al.



Sciences
Ex situ (L) = “off-site”. Antonym of in situ

In situ (L) = “in the place”, in the original place, appropriate position, or natural arrangment.

In silico (L) = “in silicon”, means performed on computer or via computer simulation.

In vivo (L) = “within the living”, is experiment or process within a living organism.  Antonym to in vitro.

In vitro (L) = “within glass”, is experiment or process within a laboratory setting.

Sensu lato (L) = “with the broad meaning”, in the wide sense

Sensu stricto (L) = “with the tight meaning”, in the strict sense.

Sensu strictissimo “with the tightest meaning”, in the strictest sense.




Others
Ad hoc (L) = “for this”, generally signifies a solution designed for a specific problem or task, non-generalizable, and not intended to be able to be adapted to other purposes.

Agenda (L) = “things to be done”

Cum (L) = “together with”

Re (L) = “[in] the matter of”, about, regarding, with reference to ; especially in letters and  document.

Via (L) = “by the road”, by way of, by means of

Vice versa (L) = “with position turned”, the other way around.


Tuesday, October 25, 2011

Glossary

Time & Date
A.M.     =          ante meridiem (L), “before midday”  
P.M.     =          post meridiem (L),  “after midday”

BC        =          Before Christ
AD       =           Anno Domini (L), “in the year of the Lord”

AM     =          Anno Mundi, "Year of the World"
BCE      =          Before the Common Era / Christian Era
CE        =          Common Era / Christian Era

c / ca   =          circa (L), “approximately”



Communications
cc         =          carbon copy
Bcc      =          Blind carbon copy      
P.S.      =          post scriptum (L), “after what has been written”
RSVP    =         reponez s'il vous plait (F), "please respond"
Viz       =          videlicet (L), "namely"


Titles & Academic Titles
Ir          =          Ingenieur (G), “Engineer”      
Ph.D.    =          Philosophiae Doctor (L), “Doctor of Philosophy”
M.S.     =          Magister Scientiae (L), “Master of Science” 
LL.B.    =          Legum Baccalaureus (L), “ Bachelor of Laws”



Others

a.s.a.p =          as soon as possible   
a.k.a.   =          also known as
C.V.      =          curriculum vitae (L). “course of life”
e.g.      =          exempli gratia (L), “for example”
etc       =          et cetera (L), “and the rest”
i.e.       =          id est  (L), “in other words”
kiv        =          keep in view
R.I.P     =          requiescat in pace (L), "may he/she/they rest in peace" 
s.o.s.    =          si opus sit (L). "if occasion require"
v / s     =          versus (L), "against" 
W.C.     =          water closet

Tuesday, October 18, 2011

Days of the Week


Monday is the first day of the week, according to international standard ISO 8601.
The name ‘Monday’ is derived from Old English ‘Mōnandæg’ and Middle English ‘Monenday’, which means “Moon day”, after Norse god Mani.
The Germanic term is a Germanic interpretation of Latin ‘lunae dies’.


Tuesday is derived from Old English ‘Tiwesdæg ‘ and Middle English ‘Tewesday’, meaning “Tiw's day”, a translation of Lation ‘Martis dies’.
‘Tiw’ is the Old English form of the Pro-Germanic god Tiwaz, or Tyr in Norse, a god of war and law, an equivalent to Mars, the Roman god of war.



Wednesday is from the Old English Wōdnesdæg and Middle English ‘Wednesdei’,  "Wodanaz's day”, ultimately a calque of ‘Mercurii dies’, "Mercury's day". 
Germanic god Wodanaz is equivalent to Latin god Mercury, god of trade.



Thursday is from the Old English ‘Þūnresdæg’ and Middle Engish ‘Thuresday’, which means “Thunor’s day".  Thunor, or Thor are derived from the Proto-Germanic god Thunaraz, god of thunder.
In Latin, it is known as ‘lovis dies’, “Jupiter's day”, the roman god of sky and thunder.



Friday is from the Old English ‘Frīġedæġ ’, “day of Frige”.  Frige is the Germanic goddess of love.
In Latin it is ‘Veneris dies’, “Venus' day”, Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility.



Saturday is from Old English ‘Saeternesdæg’, after the planet Saturn, also the Roman god of agricultue.
In Latin, it is 'Saturni dies’.



Sunday is the seventh day and last day of the week, according to international standard ISO 8601.  For Hebrew and Islamic calendars, Sunday is the first day of the week.
The name ‘Sunday’ derived from Old Englsih ‘Sunnandæg‘, “Sun's day”, a Germanic goddess.   
In Latin, it is ‘solis dies’.




Friday, October 14, 2011

Coloured Books


Green books, or green papers, are consultation documents.   Green paper may merely propose a strategy to be implemented without any commitment to action.  IThey may result in the production of a white paper.  They are often related to optimistic prospects of the study.

e.g. The Green Book : A Guide to Member’s Allowance, The Negro Motorist Green Book, etc


White books, may refer to white papers, are authoritative reports or guides that helps solve a problem.  White papers are used to educate readers and help people make decisions, and are often requested and used in politics, policy, business, and technical fields.  Policy makers frequently request white papers from universities or academicians to assist policy developers with expert opinions or relevant research.

e.g. 1996 Defence White Paper, White Paper on Full Employment, etc


Blue books refer to an almanac or other compilations of statistics and information.  

e.g Treachery of the Blue Books, Missouri Blue Book, Healthcare Blue Book, Aircraft Bluebook, The Big Blue Book of Bicycle Repair, etc


Black books  refer to books containing the names of people to be punished, blacklisted, etc.


Red books, are government publications bound in red, especially finance.   They also refer to technical guidelines, reference manuals, handbooks and standards published by authorities, and research reports on critical issues.

e.g. AAP Red Book, IBM Redbooks, IUPAP Red Book, Red Book of Endangered Species, etc

Wednesday, October 5, 2011

Columbian Exchange


What is curry without chili ?
What would it be if there’s no roasted peanut, papaya, pineapple in a rojak buah?
What would left in a bubur cacar, if there are not sweet potatoes and tapioca ?
What if on a hot tropical day, no iced-Milo® to quench the thirst ?
What is a pasta without tomato ?
What if there’s no potato chips or popcorn over a movie ?!!
Oh NO !



1492 was the turnkey of all the question above.   Even though if Christopher Columbus didn’t lost his way, and landed on the land then he thought was India, and the Indians were red instead of black, the world may be not much different now.  Someone else would eventually cross the Atlantic Ocean, and made himself a top-10 important person in human history.

The Columbian Exchange was then, coined by Alfred W. Crosby, a historian, in his 1972 book The Columbian Exchange, to describe the widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, human population, communicable disease, and ideas between the Old World and the newly found New World.

The result of the Columbian Exchange, both world transformed into what it is today.



From the Old World to the New World :

Horses ( Equus ferus caballus ) changed the live of many Native American tribes on the Great Plains, allowing them to shift to a nomadic lifestyle based on hunting bison on horseback.

Texas, of US, Brazil and Argentina top the list of total world cattle ( Bos primigenius ) population.
Coffee ( Coffea arabica, C. canephora, C. liberica ) from African and sugar cane ( Saccharum officinarum ) from Asia become the main crops of Latin American plantations.

Apple ( Malus sp ) and banana ( Musa sp ) becomes important fruit crop in both North and South Americas.

Sunkist® oranges ( Citrus sp ) become an important crop in Florida.



From the New World to the Old World :

Potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) become a staple food for Europe.

Maize ( Zea mays ) and tapioca ( Manihot esculenta ) replaced traditional African crops as the continent’s most important staple food crops.

Tomato sauce from tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum ) become an Italian trademark.

Chili ( Capsicum sp ) become an integral part of Indian, Thai and Malay cuisine.

Pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) become an important crop in S.E.Asian, with Thailand and the Philippines top the world production.

Rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis ) planted in Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia accounted >70% of total world production of natural rubber.

Once smoked only by Red Indians, now the whole world burns million tones of tobacco ( Nicotina tabacum ) yearly.

Switzerland won’t have the world’s famous Toblerone® chocolate ( made of Theobroma cacao beans ); and many Malaysian can’t have their favourite iced-Milo® ( chocolate drink ) drink after workout.

Satay, a S.E.Asian Malay skewed meat dish best to have it only with peanut-based ( Arachis hypogaea ) sauce.

Papaya ( Carica papaya ), Guava ( Psidium guajava ),  Ciku ( Manikara sapote ), Nona ( Annona squamosa ), and Gajus ( Anarcadium occidentale ) which were so proudly proclaimed as Malaysian’s local fruit, are in fact originated from the New World.