Geographical Indication of Sarawak

The protection of geographical indications in Malaysia is governed by the Geographical Indications Act 2000 and the Geographical Indications Regulations 2001 which came into force on 15 August 2001.

 A geographical indication is defined as an indication which identifies any goods as originating in a country or territory, or a region or locality in that country or territory, where the quality, reputation or other characteristic of the goods is essentially attributable to their geographical origin. Geographical indications may be used on any natural or agricultural product, or any product of handicraft or industry. http://onlineip.myipo.gov.my/index.cfm/search/gi/index

Sabah - A brief History

Brunei Sultanate 1368 - 1877 ( West Coast ) 1368                Brunei Sultanate founded by Awang Alak Betatar ( Sultan Muhammad Shah ) 1485-1524       Golden Age of Brunei.                         Brunei Sultanate control all of Borneo coastline, island of Luzon & Seludong 1658                Brunei ceded the northern and eastern part of North Borneo to Sulu, after the Brunei Civil War

Sulu Sultanate 1658 – 1878 ( East Coast ) 1405    Sulu Sultanate founded by Johorean Sharif ul-Hashim ( Sultan Sharif ) 1578    independence from Brunei Sultanate after the Castilan War 1658    Brunei ceded the northern and eastern part of North Borneo to Sulu, after the Brunei Civil War

American Trading Company of Borneo, ATCB

11 Aug 1865 – 11 Aug 1875

1865, Aug 11^th             Leasing by Sultan Abdul Momin of Brunei of territories comprising Sulaman River & Paitan River to Charles Lee Moses, the American Consul General of Brunei

1865, Aug 11^th             Leasing by Pengiran Temenggung of dependencies of Benoni, Kimanis, Sulaman & Tempasuk to Charles Lee Moses

1865, Sep 9^th          Concessionary rights sold to American Trading Company of Borneo.

1865, Nov 24^th             Commission from Sultan of Brunei appointing Torry Rajah of Ambong and Maroodoo

1865, Dec                    Ellena founded.

1875                  Concessionary rights sold to Gustavus Baron von Overbeck

Dent & Overbeck Association, ODA

27 Oct 1877 – 1881

1877, Mar 27^th                       Dent & Overbeck Association

1877, Dec 29^th             Grant by Sultan Abdul Momin of Brunei of territories comprising Gaya Bay & Sapangar Bay, Sulaman River & Paitan River, & Sibuco River.

1877, Dec 29^th             Grant by Pangeran Tumongong of Brunei of the Province of Kimanis and Benoni

1877, Dec 29^th             Commission from Sultan of Brunei appointing Gustavus Baron de Overbeck Maharaja of Sabah and Rajah of Gaya & Sandakan.

1878, Jan 22^nd             Grant by Sultan Jamaladzam of Sulu of Territories and Lands on the Mainland of Borneo

1878, Jan 22^nd             Commission from Sultan of Sulu appointing Baron de Overbeck Datu Bandahara and Rajah of Sandakan.

North Borneo Provisional Association, NBPA

 Apr 1881 – Jun 1882

1881, Mar                   British North Borneo Provisional Association

1881, May                   William Hood Treacher appointed 1^st Governor of NB

1881, Dec 17^th             Kudat made capital

North Borneo Chartered Company, NBCC

(British North Borneo Company, BNBC )

1 Nov 1881– 26Jun 1946

1881, Nov 1^st               Charter Granted to the British North Borneo Company

1882, Apr 2^nd               British North Borneo Chartered Company formed

1884, Mar 20^th            Grant by Pangeran Muda Damit Tejudin of the River Putatan

1884, Nov 5^th               Cession by Sultan of Brunei, Pangeran Bandahara & Pangeran di Gadong of Territory from Si Putong to Kwala Paniow

1884                            Capital moved to Sandakan

1885, Mar 7^th             Madrid Protocol

1888, May 12^th            Protectorate of United Kingdom

1889, May 12^th            Grant by Pangeran Shahbandar of Padas Damit

1901, Sep 7^th               Grant by Sultan of Brunei of Territory between Sepitong and Trusan Rivers

Japanese Occupation 軍事占領

1 Dec 1941 – 10 Jun 1945

1 Dec 1941 – 10 Jun Under the Japanese occupation, British Borneo was renamed North Borneo (北ボルネオ), Labuan as Maida Island (前田島), and Dutch territories as South Borneo (南ボルネオ). 

North Borneo was divided into 5 province : Kuching (久鎮州), Miri (美里州),  Sibu (志布州),  Eastern Sabah  (東岸州), Western Sabah (西岸州).
1945

British Military Administration, BMA

 12 Sep 1945 – 1 Jul 1946

1945, Aug 15^th             Surrender of Japan

1945, Sep 12^th             British Military Administration

1946, Jul 1^st                 Crown Colony of North Borneo

British Crown Colony

 1 Jul 1946 – 30 August 1963

1952                            Radio Sabah

1953                            Sabah Times

1962, Jan 17^th              Cobbold Commission

1962, Jun 21^st              Cobbolt Commission recommended the joining of North Borneo along with Malaya, Singapre and Sarawak to form Malaysia

1962, Aug 13-14^th        14-Point Memorandum ( later 20-Point )

1962, Sep 12^th             North Borneo legislative council agreed to the formation of Malaysia

Sabah – Independence

 31 August 1963 – 15 Sep 1963

Sabah - Malaysia

 16 Sep 1963 –

1963, Jan 20^th              Indonesia launched Konfrontasi

1963, Jul 9^th                 Malaysia Agreement signed at London

1963, Jul 31st              Malaysia Act 1963 enacted

1963, Aug 8^th               Brunei rejected the proposal

1963, Sep 16^th             Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak and Sabah formed Malaysia

1965, Aug 9^th               Singapore ceased to be a state of Malaysia

2012, Sep 16th            Malaysia Day made Public Holiday

                                                           

                                               

                                               

Edible Gastropods of Sarawak

Sarawak comprises of vast areas of wetland which is the habitat of huge number of edible gastropods. Among the wetland faunal composition, the edible gastropod is one of the important sources of animal protein for the local communities. This diversity of edible gastropod was studied from seven Divisions of Sarawak namely Kuching, Sibu, Mukah, Bintulu, Miri, Limbang and Lawas ( Figure 1 ). Samples were collected from the wet market and catches from local fishermen. A total of 21 species representing 11 families and 16 genera of edible gastropods were identified from Sarawak ( Table 1, Figure 2 ) . Cerithidea spp. was represented by three species while both Nerita and Pomacea were made up of three and two species each. Others were each represented by one single species. Six edible gastropod species belonged to the freshwater habitat while seven and eight species were recorded from brackish and marine habitats, respectively. Cerithidea and Pomacea showed wide geography amongst the Division and also highly distributed. Edible gastropods have high market value in the state of Sarawak and contribute significantly to the livelihoods of the certain indigenous communities in the state.

H. Hamli, M.H. Idris, M.K. Abu Hena, S.K. Wong and A. Arshad, 2013. Checklist and Habitat Descriptions of Edible Gastropods from Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, 8: 412-418.

Sarawak's Coat-of-Arms

1841–1946 Kingdom of Sarawak

The heraldic arms of the Brooke dynasty of the Kingdom of Sarawak were based on the emblem used by James Brooke. It consisted of a red and black cross on yellow shield, crested by a badger, known in heraldic parlance as a "brock" and hence alluding to the dynastic surname. A crown was added in 1949, and the shield design was used as the basis of the Sarawak flag until 1973.

1946–1963 Crown Colony of Sarawak

 1963–1973  Sarawak ( Malaysia )

A shield version of Sarawak flag was used as Sarawak’s coat of arm.  The coat of arms was used way after Sarawak joined the Federation of Malaysia.

1973–1988 Sarawak ( Malaysia )

The current coat of arms was established in 1973. The shield features a symbolic wing-spread Kenyalang or Rhinoceros Hornbill with the shield bearing the state flag.  The hornbill's wings have 13 feathers, which represent the states in Malaysia.   The Hibiscus represent the Malaysia's national flower which appears on the right and left sides of the bird's legs and the hornbill is perched on a banner bearing the words "Hidup Selalu Berkhidmat" 

1988-present  Sarawak ( Malaysia )

In 1988, the flag was replaced with the current version

along with yet another new state anthem and motto, Ibu Pertiwiku and Bersatu, Berusaha, Berbakti . The new design was adopted on the 25th anniversary of Sarawak joining the Federation of Malaysia.  It retains the same colour scheme as the flag of the former kingdom, with two significant changes: the cross was replaced with two diagonal bars and the crown was substituted with a nine-pointed star symbolising the original nine divisions of Sarawak, in order to eliminate any overt references to Christianity and a sovereign monarchy.   With the new flag, the state flag shield too was replace accordingly, along with the motto “ Bersatu, Berusaha, Berbakti”